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Sections:
Aptitude
Structural
Geotechnical
Water
Q1. General Aptitude
A person walks at 5 km/h and runs at 8 km/h. If total time for 13 km is 2 hours, how much did he walk?
A. 5 km
B. 5 km
C. 8 km
D. 3 km
Correct Answer: B
Let walk time = t hr, run time = 2-t. 5t + 8(2-t) = 13 → t = 1 hr. Walk distance = 5 km.
Q2. General Aptitude
The number of diagonals in a pentagon is:
Correct Answer: C
n(n-3)/2 = 5(2)/2 = 5 diagonals.
Q3. General Aptitude
Select the synonym of "Ephemeral":
A. Permanent
B. Long-lasting
C. Transient
D. Eternal
Correct Answer: C
Ephemeral = short-lived/transient. Opposite = permanent.
Q4. General Aptitude
If a:b = 2:3 and b:c = 4:5, then a:c is:
A. 2:5
B. 8:15
C. 8:15
D. 3:5
Correct Answer: C
a/b = 2/3, b/c = 4/5. a/c = (2/3)(4/5) = 8/15 → 8:15.
Q5. General Aptitude
A die is rolled once. Probability of getting an even number is:
Correct Answer: B
Even: 2,4,6 (3 outcomes). P = 3/6 = 1/2.
Q6. General Aptitude
If x + y = 10 and xy = 21, then x² + y² is:
Correct Answer: C
x²+y² = (x+y)² - 2xy = 100 - 42 = 58.
Q7. Structural
The unit of moment of inertia is:
A. N/m
B. kg/m²
C. m⁴
D. N·m
Correct Answer: C
Moment of inertia (area) has units of m⁴.
Q8. Structural
A simply supported beam with UDL has maximum bending moment at:
A. Ends
B. Mid-span
C. Quarter span
D. Supports
Correct Answer: B
Mmax = wL²/8 at mid-span for simply supported beam with UDL.
Q9. Structural
The factor of safety is defined as:
A. Ultimate load/Working load
B. Ultimate strength/Working stress
C. Yield stress/Working stress
D. Both A and B
Correct Answer: D
FoS = ultimate load / allowable load = ultimate stress / working stress.
Q10. Structural
The Euler's buckling load for a column depends on:
A. Material only
B. Length only
C. Length, E, I, and end conditions
D. Cross-section only
Correct Answer: C
Pcr = π²EI/(Le)². Depends on E, I, effective length (end conditions).
Q11. Structural
Concrete is strong in:
A. Tension
B. Compression
C. Shear
D. Torsion
Correct Answer: B
Concrete has high compressive strength but low tensile strength (reinforced with steel).
Q12. Geotechnical
The void ratio of a soil is defined as:
A. Vv/Vs
B. Vv/Vs
C. Vs/Vv
D. Vw/Vv
Correct Answer: B
Void ratio e = Vv/Vs (volume of voids / volume of solids).
Q13. Geotechnical
The liquid limit of a soil is determined using:
A. Pycnometer
B. Casagrande apparatus
C. Casagrande apparatus
D. Triaxial test
Correct Answer: C
Casagrande's liquid limit device (cup + grooving tool).
Q14. Geotechnical
The bearing capacity of soil is improved by:
A. Water addition
B. Compaction
C. Excavation
D. Aeration
Correct Answer: B
Compaction increases soil density → higher bearing capacity.
Q15. Geotechnical
The standard penetration test (SPT) N-value indicates:
A. Water content
B. Soil density/strength
C. Permeability
D. Plasticity
Correct Answer: B
SPT N-value correlates with relative density and strength of soil.
Q16. Geotechnical
Darcy's law governs the flow of water through:
A. Pipes
B. Open channels
C. Porous media
D. Rivers
Correct Answer: C
v = ki (Darcy's law for flow through porous media like soil).
Q17. Water
The unit of hydraulic gradient is:
A. m
B. m/s
C. Dimensionless
D. m²/s
Correct Answer: C
Hydraulic gradient i = h/L (head loss / length) — dimensionless.
Q18. Water
Bernoulli's equation is based on:
A. Conservation of mass
B. Conservation of momentum
C. Conservation of energy
D. Continuity
Correct Answer: C
P/ρg + v²/2g + z = constant (energy per unit weight).
Q19. Water
The Chezy's coefficient C in Manning's formula relates to:
A. Channel roughness
B. Channel depth
C. Both roughness and hydraulic radius
D. Discharge
Correct Answer: C
Manning: V = (1/n)R^(2/3)S^(1/2). Chezy: C = (1/n)R^(1/6).
Q20. Water
The optimum depth of a canal is when:
A. Width is minimum
B. Hydraulic radius is maximum
C. Wetted perimeter is maximum
D. Velocity is minimum
Correct Answer: B
Most economical section: max hydraulic radius → min wetted perimeter.
Q21. Water
The pH of pure water is:
Correct Answer: C
Pure water has pH 7 at 25°C (neutral).
Q22. Structural
The grade of concrete M20 means:
A. 20 kN/m³ density
B. 20 MPa compressive strength
C. 20 N/mm² tensile strength
D. 20% water content
Correct Answer: B
M20 = 20 MPa (20 N/mm²) characteristic compressive strength at 28 days.
Q23. Geotechnical
Quick sand condition occurs when:
A. Permeability is zero
B. Upward seepage force equals submerged weight
C. Soil is fully dry
D. Water table is low
Correct Answer: B
Quicksand: upward hydraulic gradient ≥ critical gradient (ic = Gs-1)/(1+e).
Q24. Water
The Manning's roughness coefficient n for concrete is about:
A. 0.001
B. 0.035
C. 0.013
D. 0.1
Correct Answer: C
Manning's n for concrete: 0.012-0.015 (typically 0.013).
Q25. Structural
Slab spanning in one direction only is called:
A. Two-way slab
B. One-way slab
C. Flat slab
D. Ribbed slab
Correct Answer: B
One-way slab: L/B ≥ 2, main reinforcement in shorter span direction.
Q26. General Aptitude
The perimeter of a square is 40 cm. Its area is:
A. 80 cm²
B. 160 cm²
C. 100 cm²
D. 200 cm²
Correct Answer: C
Side = 40/4 = 10 cm. Area = 10² = 100 cm².
Q27. Geotechnical
The dry density of soil is maximum at:
A. Liquid limit
B. Plastic limit
C. Optimum moisture content
D. Shrinkage limit
Correct Answer: C
Proctor test: maximum dry density at OMC (optimum moisture content).
Q28. Structural
The effective span of a simply supported beam is:
A. Clear span
B. Center to center of supports
C. Clear span + effective depth
D. Overall length
Correct Answer: C
For simply supported: Le = min(Lc + d, c/c distance of supports).
Q29. Water
The total hardness of water is due to:
A. Na⁺ and K⁺
B. Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺
C. Cl⁻ and SO₄²⁻
D. Fe²⁺ and Mn²⁺
Correct Answer: B
Hardness: Ca²⁺ and Mg²⁺ ions (temporary: bicarbonates, permanent: sulfates/chlorides).
Q30. Geotechnical
The plasticity chart classifies soil based on:
A. Grain size
B. Liquid limit and plasticity index
C. Permeability
D. Compaction
Correct Answer: B
Casagrande's plasticity chart: LL vs PI to classify fine-grained soils (CL, CH, ML, MH).